RegScanner

RegScanner is an excellent registry discovery tool which helps when troubleshooting in the field and a tool I use frequently. It is also it is very useful as a training tool, and its free.

 



A common PC/laptop investigation item is any connections to USB ports and usually wanting to see all USB activity, which the output from RegScanner produces data in the output pane (below):

USB activity relevant to troubleshoot: HKEY\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\DeviceClasses\
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/jj649944(v=vs.85).aspx

This tool very useful when training new engineers.

Lastly and best of all this tool is free.

Team Viewer

As a field service engineer there are many occasions when consumers or businesses need to have assessed/diagnosed a laptop/PC problem urgently when an engineer cannot get to site to assess with what the user considers, or at least perceives, to be a hardware or software failure.

Team Viewer is a popular remote access service that enables that permits an engineer to remotely access the laptop/PC. The service comes with a number of built in protection safeguards that keeps the user in control. Specific unique 'YOUR ID' which should not be used by any other user of the service. Moreover, the use of one-time-password ensures that once the remote engineer has completed any fix that it within the scope of the work the engineer can undertake, then once the user closes the programme, the link to the distant engineer terminates and the engineer cannot re-access the user's laptop/PC using the same one-time-password.

 

 

For more details look here: https://www.teamviewer.com/en/use-cases/

To download app: https://download.teamviewer.com/download/TeamViewer_Setup_en.exe  

 

 

 

 



IPv4 Multicast

 

 

Download PDF - IPv4_Multicast.pdf

IPv6

Download PDF - IPv6.pdf

BIOS Beep Codes

AMI Beep Codes
Beeps____________Error message
1_______________ short System RAM refresh failure
2_______________ short Memory parity error
3_______________ short Base 64-kbytes memory failure
4_______________ short System timer failure
5_______________ short CPU failure
6_______________ short Gate A20 failure
7_______________ short Exception error
8_______________ short Video memory read/write error
9_______________ short ROM checksum error
10______________ short CMOS shutdown register read/write error
1_______________ long - 3 short Memory test failure
1_______________ long - 8 short Display test failure

Phoenix Beep and Post Codes for PhoenixBIOS 4.x
Beeps [POST] Error message
1-1-1-3 [02] Verify Real Mode
1-1-2-1 [04] Get CPU type
1-1-2-3 [06] Initialize system hardware
1-1-3-1 [08] Initialize chipset registers with initial POST values
1-1-3-2 [09] Set in POST flag
1-1-3-3 [0A] Initialize CPU registers
1-1-4-1 [0C] Initialize cache to initial POST values
1-1-4-3 [0E] Initialize I/O
1-2-1-1 [10] Initialize Power Management
1-2-1-2 [11] Load alternate registers with initial POST values
1-2-1-3 [12] Jump to UserPatch0
1-2-2-1 [14] Initialize keyboard controller
1-2-2-3 [16] BIOS ROM checksum
1-2-3-1 [18] 8254 timer initialization
1-2-3-3 [1A] 8237 DMA controller initialization
1-2-4-1 [1C] Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller
1-3-1-1 [20] Test DRAM refresh
1-3-1-3 [22] Test 8742 Keyboard Conroller
1-3-2-1 [24] Set ES segment to register to 4 GB
1-3-3-1 [28] Autosize DRAM
1-3-3-3 [2A] Clear 512K base RAM
1-3-4-1 [2C] Test 512 base address lines
1-3-4-3 [2E] Test 512K base memory
1-4-1-3 [32] Test CPU bus-clock frequency
1-4-2-4 [37] Reinitialize the chipset
1-4-3-1 [38] Shadow system BIOS ROM
1-4-3-2 [39] Reinitialize the cache
1-4-3-3 [3A] Autosize cache
1-4-4-1 [3C] Configure advanced chipset registers
1-4-4-2 [3D] Load alternate registers with CMOS values
2-1-1-1 [40] Set Initial CPU speed
2-1-1-3 [42] Initialize interrupt vectors
2-1-2-1 [44] Intialize BIOS interrrupts
2-1-2-3 [46] Check ROM copyright notice
2-1-2-4 [47] Initialize manager for PCI Options ROMs
2-1-3-1 [48] Check video configuration against CMOS
2-1-3-2 [49] Initialize PCI bus and devices
2-1-3-3 [4A] Initialize all video adapters in system
2-1-4-1 [4C] Shadow video BIOS ROM
2-1-4-3 [4E] Display copyright notice
2-2-1-1 [50] Display CPU type and speed
2-2-1-3 [52] Test keyboard
2-2-2-1 [54] Set key click if enabled
2-2-2-3 [56] Enable keyboard
2-2-3-1 [58] Test for unexpected interrupts
2-2-3-3 [5A] Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SETUP"
2-2-4-1 [5C] Test RAM between 512 and 640k
2-3-1-1 [60] Test expanded memory
2-3-1-3 [62] Test extended memory address lines
2-3-2-1 [64] Jump to UserPatch1
2-3-2-3 [66] Configure advanced cache registers
2-3-3-1 [68] Enable external and CPU caches
2-3-3-3 [6A] Display external cache size
2-3-4-1 [6C] Display shadow message
2-3-4-3 [6E] Display non-disposable segments
2-4-1-1 [70] Display error messages
2-4-1-3 [72] Check for configuration errors
2-4-2-1 [74] Test real-time clock
2-4-2-3 [76] Check for keyboard errors
2-4-4-1 [7C] Set up hardware interrupts vectors
2-4-4-3 [7E] Test coprocessor if present
3-1-1-1 [80] Disable onboard I/O ports
3-1-1-3 [82] Detect and install external RS232 ports
3-1-2-1 [84] Detect and install external parallel ports
3-1-2-3 [86] Re-initialize onboard I/O ports
3-1-3-1 [88] Initialize BIOS Data Area
3-1-3-3 [8A] Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area
3-1-4-1 [8C] Initialize floppy controller
3-2-1-1 [90] Initialize hard-disk controller
3-2-1-2 [91] Initialize local-bus hard-disk controller
3-2-1-3 [92] Jump to UserPatch2
3-2-2-1 [94] Disable A20 adress line
3-2-2-3 [96] Clear huge ES segment register
3-2-3-1 [98] Search for option ROMs
3-2-3-3 [9A] Shadow option ROMs
3-2-4-1 [9C] Set up Power Management
3-2-4-3 [9E] Enable hardware interrupts
3-3-1-1 [A0] Set time of day
3-3-1-3 [A2] Check key lock
3-3-3-1 [A8] Erase F2 prompt
3-3-3-3 [AA] Scan for F2 key stroke
3-3-4-1 [AC] Enter SETUP
3-3-4-3 [AE] Clear in-POST flag
3-4-1-1 [B0] Check for errors
3-4-1-3 [B2] POST done--prepare to boot operating system
3-4-2-1 [B4] One beep
3-4-2-3 [B6] Check password (optional)
3-4-3-1 [B8] Clear global descriptor table
3-4-4-1 [BC] Clear parity checkers
3-4-4-3 [BE] Clear screen (optional)
3-4-4-4 [BF] Check virus and backup reminders
4-1-1-1 [C0] Try to boot with INT 19
4-2-1-1 [D0] Interrupt handler error
4-2-1-3 [D2] Unknown interrupt error
4-2-2-1 [D4] Pending interrupt error
4-2-2-3 [D6] Initialize option ROM error
4-2-3-1 [D8] Shutdown error
4-2-3-3 [DA] Extended Block Move
4-2-4-1 [DC] Shutdown 10 error
4-3-1-3 [E2] Initialize the chipset
4-3-1-4 [E3] Initialize refresh counter
4-3-2-1 [E4] Check for Forced Flash
4-3-2-2 [E5] Check HW status of ROM
4-3-2-3 [E6] BIOS ROM is OK
4-3-2-4 [E7] Do a complete RAM test
4-3-3-1 [E8] Do OEM initialization
4-3-3-2 [E9] Initialize interrupt controller
4-3-3-3 [EA] Read in bootstrap code
4-3-3-4 [EB] Initialize all vectors
4-3-4-1 [EC] Boot the Flash program
4-3-4-2 [ED] Initialize the boot device
4-3-4-3 [EE] Boot code was read OK

Phoenix Beep Codes - ISA/MCA/EISA BIOS
Beeps......Error message
1-1-2......CPU register test failure
Low 1-1-2..System board select failure
1-1-3......CMOS read/write failure
Low 1-1-3..Extended CMOS RAM failure
1-1-4......BIOS ROM checksum error
1-2-1......Programmable interval timer (PIT) failure
1-2-2......DMA initialization failure
1-2-3......DMA page register read/write failure
1-3-1......RAM refresh failure
1-3-2......64-kbyte RAM test disabled
1-3-3......First 64-kbytes RAM IC or data line failure
1-3-4......First 64-kbytes odd/even logic failure
1-4-1......Address line failure, 64 kbytes of RAM
1-4-2......Parity failure, first 64 kbytes of RAM
1-4-3......EISA failsafe timer test fault
1-4-4......EISA NMI port 462 test failure
2-1-1......Bit 0 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-1-2......Bit 1 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-1-3......Bit 2 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-1-4......Bit 3 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-2-1......Bit 4 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-2-2......Bit 5 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-2-3......Bit 6 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-2-4......Bit 7 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-3-1......Bit 8 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-3-2......Bit 9 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-3-3......Bit 10 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-3-4......Bit 11 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-4-1......Bit 12 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-4-2......Bit 13 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-4-3......Bit 14 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
2-4-4......Bit 15 first 64 kbytes RAM failure
3-1-1......Slave DMA register failure
3-1-2......Master DMA register failure
3-1-3......Master interrupt mask register failure
3-1-4......Slave interrupt mask register failure
3-2-2......Interrupt vector loading error
3-2-3......Reserved
3-2-4......Keyboard controller test failure
3-3-1......CMOS RAM power bad
3-3-2......CMOS configuration error
3-3-3......Reserved
3-3-4......Video memory test failed
3-4-1......Video initialization test failure
4-2-1......Timer tick failure
4-2-2......Shutdown test failure
4-2-3......Gate A20 failure
4-2-4......Unexpected interrupt in protected mode
4-3-1......RAM test address failure
4-3-3......Interval timer channel 2 failure
4-3-4......Time-of-day clock failure
4-4-1......Serial-port test failure
4-4-2......Parallel-port test failure
4-4-3......Math coprocessor failure